We have been concerned with methods used to separate and isolate particles released from disrupted cells and tissues. Until quite recently, little attention was directed to a related problem—namely, how to separate whole viable cells from one another when the tissue or culture being studied is heterogeneously composed. For example, an organ such as the liver is composed of many [...]
This discussion of methods for the differential isolation and separation of cells, and subcellular components would not be complete without a description of the use of centrifugation for harvesting large quantities of particulate material from large-volume suspensions. The technique is generally known as continuous-flow centrifugation. The most common application of continuous-flow centrifugation is the harvesting of bacteria, algae, protozoa, and [...]
The regulatory effects exercised by substrates through mass action generally influence all reactions in metabolic pathways; therefore, these control mechanisms are not very specific. There are, however, a number of mechanisms by which specific reactions in a pathway can be regulated. In one such mechanism, enzymes catalyzing specific reactions of the pathway are influenced by the type and amount of [...]