Primary Metabolites: Primary metabolism, also referred to as trophophase, is characterized by balanced growth of microorganisms. It occurs when all the nutrients needed by the organisms are provided in the medium. Primary metabolism is essential for the very existence and reproduction of cells. In the trophophase, the cells possess optimal concentrations of almost all the macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA etc.). [...]
Objectives: Food technology is a vast field. The salient features of food processing which has some relevance to bioprocess engineering and technology are given here. In general, the food processing is carried out to achieve the following objectives: a. For the purpose of storage and transport. b. To protect from contamination c. To increase the shelf-life d. To make it [...]
This article throws light upon the three types of fermentation process. The fermentation process consists of four stages. The four stages are: (1) Inoculum Preservation (2) Inoculum Build-up (3) Pre-Fermenter Culture and (4) Production Fermentation. A classification, based on the product formation in relation to energy metabolism is briefly discussed below (Fig. 19.15). Type I Fermentation: When the product is [...]