The following points highlight the four main processes employed in a municipal water purification system to ensure the supply of non-polluted drinking water. The processes are: 1. Flocculation 2. Sedimentation, 3. Filtration 4. Disinfection Process # 1. Flocculation: Water after pumping from raw water reservoir (natural sources) is collected in large tanks/basins for a sufficient time period to permit large [...]
In this article we will discuss about the important microorganisms that occur in varying water habitats. The type of microbial populations differ in different type of water habitats such as unpolluted, polluted, and marine waters. Table 31.1 represents the important microorganisms occurring in varying water habitats: Microorganisms in Unpolluted Water: In unpolluted water of mountain lake or stream there are [...]
The following points highlight the top two techniques used for determining the potability of water. The techniques are: 1. Coliform-Test-Technique 2. Membrane-Filter-Technique. 1. Coliform-Test-Technique (Multiple-Tube Fermentation Test): Coliform-test-technique (or MTFT) is a standard method followed all over the world to determine whether the water is potable or faecally polluted. The technique involves three successive steps, namely, presumptive test, confirmed test, [...]