In this article we will discuss about:- 1. History of Sphenophylum 2. Anatomy of Sphenophylum 3. Reproduction 4. Phylogeny. History of Sphenophylum: Sphenophyllales represent a small and compact group of sphenopsida. They have left no surviving representatives. The geological history of Sphenophyllales dates back to a time earlier than carboniferous period. Some of the genera like Sphenophyllum appeared during Devonian [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Occurrence and Distribution of Equisetum 2. Sporophyte of Equisetum 3. Gametophyte 4. Phylogeny. Occurrence and Distribution of Equisetum: Equisetum is popularly known as horsetail because of its bushy habit. There are about 25 species distributed in all parts of the world except perhaps in Australia and New Zealand. They are found mostly [...]
In this article we will discuss about the external features and internal structure of calamites. External Features of Calamites: The calamitean fossils range from pith casts, stems, twigs and leaves to strobili. The stem is known as Calamities, leafy twigs are called An nularia, and fructification is known as Calamostachys. The plant body of Calamites was a tall tree (Fig. [...]