In myocardial infarction (MI) there is necrosis of cardiac muscle due to inadequate coronary circulation. Sudden death may occur when obstruction to coronary flow is precarious. Most deaths occurring within 24 hours of the onset of attack are due to ventricular fibrillation. Anatomy of Coronary Arteries: There are three main sources of coronary arterial blood supply: (1) The anterior descending [...]
Nuclear lesions occur in the brain stem and common causes include vascular' infarctions, demyelination and brain stem tumours, like gliomas. Commonly neighbouring structures in the brain stem are also involved e.g. third nerve palsy with contralateral hemiplegia (Weber's syndrome), third nerve palsy with contralateraltremordue to involvement of Red nucleus (Benedikt's syndrome) and ipsilateral sixth and seventh nerve palsy with contralateral [...]
Each lung is covered by a double-layer serous membrane with a potential space between the two layers. The outer or parietal layer covers the inside of chest wall and superior surface on diaphragm and is sensitive to pain; the inner or visceral wall covers the lungs and its fissures but insensitive to pain. The parietal layer is supplied by blood [...]