The following points highlight the two main causes of actively acquired immunity. The causes are: 1. Infectious Agents 2. Vaccination. Actively Acquired Immunity: Cause # 1. Infectious Agents: Infectious Agents of two types: (a) Some Infections: Diphtheria, whooping cough, small pox and mumps induce a long lasting immunity, (b) Some Infections: Common cold and influenza confer immunity lasting for a short [...]
The following points highlight the top three types of immunity found in humans. The types are: 1. Immunity in Bacterial Infections 2. Immunity in Viral Infections 3. Immunity to Protozoa and Helminthes. Immunity: Type # 1. Immunity in Bacterial Infections: (a) Antibody Mediated Immunity: Because of the production of the exotoxin, some microorganisms (i.e. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Clostridium tetani, CI. welchii, [...]
In this article we will discuss about Hypersensitivity in human body:- 1. Meaning of Hypersensitivity 2. Forms of Hypersensitivity 3. Skin Tests. Meaning of Hypersensitivity: Von Pirquet coined originally the term allergy (grallos, altered, changed; ergon, action) to describe the altered reactivity of an animal after exposure to a foreign antigen. The allergy included both immunity and hypersensitivity. It is [...]