In this article we will discuss about the functions of placenta. i. Respiratory: Since fetus is not exposed to the outside atmosphere, the fetal lung will be in solid state. The oxygen requirement by the developing fetus and removal of carbon dioxide from the fetal body should be taken care off by the maternal blood. Hence placenta acts as a [...]
In this article we will discuss about the actions of parathyroid glands. It is a hypercalcemic and hypophosphatemic agent. Hence increases the plasma calcium level and decreases plasma phosphate level. The important sites of actions of PTH are: 1. Bone 2. Kidney 3. GI tract in an indirect way. 1. PTH on Bone (Figs 6.50, 6.51 and Table 6.14): It [...]
In this article we will discuss about the process of lactation, explained with the help of suitable diagrams. The hormones which influence the development of breasts are: a. At puberty, it will be estrogen and progesterone. In addition to these, some of the other hormones which are also required are: thyroxine, growth hormone, Cortisol and insulin. b. During pregnancy, it [...]