In this article we will discuss about the five main DNA repair mechanisms that are studied in eukaryotes. The mechanisms are: 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair 2. Dark or Excision Repair 3. Nucleotide Excision Repair 4. Mismatch Repair 5. Post-Replication Repair. Mechanism # 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair: This mechanism was discovered when bacteria that had been heavily irradiated with UV rays [...]
The below mentioned article provide notes on reverse mutation. When a mutation changes the wild type normal genotype to a mutant type, as is more often the case, the event is called a forward mutation. This is in contrast to reverse mutations in which the mutant genotype changes to the original wild type. In micro-organisms auxotrophs reverting to prototrophs are [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Discovery of Transformation 2. Process of Transformation 3. Competence 4. Linkage and Gene Mapping. Discovery of Transformation: The phenomenon was first discovered in 1928 from Griffiths experiment with Diplococcus pneumoniae. As this historical experiment has been instrumental for identification of DNA as a hereditary material. Briefly, when a suspension containing a mixture [...]