The following points highlight the four main components of the Cytoplasm. The components are: 1. Groundplasm or Cytoplasmic Matrix 2. Organoids or Organelles 3. Inclusions or Ergastic Substances 4. Vacuoles. Cytoplasm: Component # 1. Groundplasm or Cytoplasmic Matrix: In light microscopy the term groundplasm refers to the liquid fraction of cytoplasm in which other components of the protoplast are [...]
In this article we will discuss about the chemical composition and structure of ribosomes. Chemical Composition of Ribosomes: Ribosomes are made of RNA and protein. In E. coli, they contain 34% protein and 66% RNA, while in eukaryotes, they contain 40% protein and 60% RNA. Chemical composition of large subunit is different from that of small subunit. The size and [...]
In this article we will discuss about the ultrastructure and functions of chloroplasts in the cytoplasm. Ultrastructure of Chloroplast: Chloroplasts of higher plants have disc-shaped or oval structure, 10 µm in length and 2-4 µm in diameter. Algal species contain larger chloroplasts of different shapes, e.g., spiral, cup-shaped, circular bands. The number of chloroplasts per cell is one to two [...]