In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Background of Chromosomes 2. Location of Chromosomes 3. Number 4. Shape 5. Size 6. Chemistry 7. Chemical Components 8. Physiology. Historical Background of Chromosomes: i) The term chromosome (Gr. chromo, color; soma, body), when used by Waldeyer in 1888, represented the darkly stained individualized bodies located in the nucleus. ii) Walter S. [...]
The morphologic characteristics of chromosomes are best studied during metaphase and anaphase of cell division. The chromosome was supposed to be covered by a membranous Pellicle. Electron microscope studies later showed that there is no definite membranous pellicle surrounding the chromosomes. A matrix of some sort, possibly protein, lipid, may be present. Other structures present in the chromosome include the [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. History of Klinefelter's Syndrome 2. Origin of Klinefelter's Syndrome 3. Symptoms 4. Ascertainment and Phenotype 5. Cytogenetic Findings 6. Frequency. History of Klinefelter's Syndrome: 1. In 1942, Klinefelter, Refenstein and Albright found nine men with small testes, aspermia, elevated urinary gonadotrophins and gynecomastics. These persons were later designated as Klinefelter's syndromic. 2. [...]