The following points highlight the four main diseases of kidney and urinary tract. The diseases are: 1. Acute Glomerulonephritis 2. Nephrotic Syndrome 3. Acute Renal Failure 4. Chronic Renal Failure (Uremia). Disease # 1. Acute Glomerulonephritis: This is characterized by acute inflammation of the glomeruli with congestion. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate are reduced by 50 per cent. [...]
The following points highlight the two major diseases of liver. The diseases are: 1. Liver Damage 2. Jaundice. Disease # 1. Liver Damage: i. Hepatitis: (a) The liver becomes tender and enlarged following continued excessive intake of alcohol. The patient may become jaundiced. (b) If alcohol intake is continued, acute liver failure may arise with deep jaundice and several cerebral [...]
The following points highlight the three major diseases of gall bladder and bile ducts. The diseases are: 1. Gall-stones (Cholelithiasis) 2. Acute Cholecystitis 3. Chronic Cholecystitis. Disease # 1. Gall-stones (Cholelithiasis): The bile is concentrated in the gall-bladder and when it is supersaturated gall-stones are likely to form. Super saturation arises when there is an insufficiency of solubilizing agents such [...]