The following points highlight the two main compounds formed from sugar and hydroxyl groups. The compounds are: 1. Glycosides 2. Amino Sugars (Hexosamines). Compound # 1. Glycosides: Glycosides are compounds formed by the condensation reaction between a sugar and the hydroxyl group of a second compound or aglycone which may or may not be another sugar. If the carbohydrate portion [...]
The following points highlight the top three properties of carbohydrates in cell membrane of mammals. 1. The mammalian cell membrane contains about 5 per cent carbohydrates present in glycoproteins and glycolipids. 2. Glycophorin, the major integral membrane glycoprotein of human erythrocytes, consists of 130 amino acid residues and spans the lipid membrane having free polypeptide proteins outside both the external [...]
The following points highlight the two main divisions of mucosubstances. The divisions are: 1. Glycoprotein 2. Mucopolysaccharides. Mucosubstances: Division # 1. Glycoprotein: (i) They are protein-polysaccharide compounds occurring in the tissues, particularly in mucus secretions. (ii) They do not contain uronic acids although they contain acetyl hexosamines such as N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine. Hexoses such as mannose or galactose are [...]