In this article we will discuss about the photosynthetic cycle of reduction of Co2 into carbohydrates. The transformation of light energy into chemical energy results in the production of ATP and NADPH (see fig. 3-12). Our present knowledge of the metabolism of carbohydrates will enable us to study what is sometimes called the dark phase of photosynthesis, i.e. the series [...]
It was observed that pyruvic acid and lactic acid formed in the muscle during glycolysis can be reconverted into glucose (or glycogen) when energy is available (in aerobiosis) and one could wonder whether this neoglucogenesis (or gluconeogenesis, or neoglycogenesis) follows — in the reverse direction — the glycolytic path. In fact, among the reactions leading from glucose to pyruvic acid [...]
In this article we will discuss about the substances that liberate one or more monosaccharides on hydrolysis. The Oligo- and Polysaccharides: Holosides therefore consist exclusively of monosaccharides. Depending on the number of molecules of monosaccharides liberated during hydrolysis there are disaccharides, trisaccharides, etc. We will study particularly two groups of compounds: the disaccharides and the polysaccharides. 1. Disaccharides: There are [...]