Non-specific defenses are the body's first line of defense against diseases. They are not directed against a particular pathogen. Non-specific defenses guard against all infections, regardless of their cause. It is also called as innate immunity (Fig. 2). Plants and many lower animals rely only on innate immunity and do not possess the second category of specific defense mechanisms. NonÂspecific [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure of antigens with the help of suitable diagrams. Acquired immunity only develops after invasion by a foreign organism or toxin. Each organism or toxin contains at least one special chemical compound that is different from other compounds. In general, these are proteins or large polysaccharides and these compounds initiate acquired immunity. [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure of immunoglobulins, explained with the help of a suitable diagram. Identification of antibodies in the serum protein fraction was demonstrated in the classic experiments of A. Tiselius and E.A. Kabat in 1939. However, the basic structure of —globulin molecule was revealed by Rodney R. Porter and Gerald Edehman in 1950s and [...]