The following points highlight the three ways by which sequencing of genes in isolation from rest of human genome takes place. The ways are: 1. Complementary DNA (cDNA) Sequencing 2. Using CpG Island of Locate Genes 3. DNA Sequencing for Wheat Genome. Way # 1. Complementary DNA (cDNA) Sequencing: cDNA is made by converting the mRNA content of cell is [...]
Geneticists use following two methods for sequencing the genomes: 1. Clone-by-clone Method 2. Shotgun Cloning. Method # 1. Clone-by-Clone Method: This method was the first to be developed. It begins with the construction of genomic libraries of restriction fragments covering all the genomic DNA (or genomic clones) of an organism. By using genetic markers, overlapping clones are assembled into genetic [...]
Bioinformatics provides the following tools for analysing genomic information: 1. Compiling the Accurate Sequence 2. Annotation. Tool # 1. Compiling the Accurate Sequence: To ensure that the nucleotide sequence of a genome is complete and error free, the genome is sequenced more than once. For example, using the shotgun method on the genome of the bacterium pseudomonas aeruginosa, researchers, sequenced [...]