In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Types of Duplications 2. Origin of Duplications 3. Chromosome Pairing 4. Phenotypic Effects of Duplications 5. Duplications in Human 6. Uses of Duplications. Types of Duplications: Broadly, duplications are divided into two types which are further subdivided into different subtypes. 1. Inter-Chromosomal duplication: The duplicated segment of a chromosome is present in [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Origin of Translocation 2. Types of Translocation 3. Effects. Origin of Translocation: Translocations can originate in the following different ways: (i) Translocations may originate spontaneously. (ii) They may be induced by mutagens, viz., ionizing radiations and many chemical mutagens, since they induce chromosome breakage. (iii) Translocations may be induced by growing plants [...]
In this article we will discuss about the interchanges involving more than two pairs of chromosomes. When 3 or more pairs of non-homologous chromosomes are involved in translocation, it is called a complex translocation, complex interchange or multiple translocation. In a single cell, two or more independent heterozygous interchanges show two or more quadruples at MI. Such interchanges are obtained [...]