This article throws light upon the three types of fermentation process. The fermentation process consists of four stages. The four stages are: (1) Inoculum Preservation (2) Inoculum Build-up (3) Pre-Fermenter Culture and (4) Production Fermentation. A classification, based on the product formation in relation to energy metabolism is briefly discussed below (Fig. 19.15). Type I Fermentation: When the product is [...]
Read this article to learn about the features and methods of genetic improvement of strains. In general, the wild strains of microorganisms produce low quantities of commercially important metabolites, although the yield can be increased by optimizing the fermentation conditions. The potentiality of the metabolite formation is genetically determined. Therefore, genetic improvements have to be made and new strains developed [...]
Read this article to learn about the features and operations of a conventional bioreactor. Features of a Conventional Bioreactor: The different types and designs of bioreactors are described. The most common features of a typical bioreactor are diagrammatically represented in Fig. 19.5, and briefly described hereunder. Conventional bioreactors are cylindrical vessels with domed top and bottom. The reaction vessel, surrounded [...]