In this article we will discuss about the process of formation of ATP by photophosphorylation. Photosynthesis: Light Phase and Dark Phase: Heterotrophic organisms collect from the external medium, comparatively simple organic molecules which can serve as carbon-containing skeletons for their syntheses or as energy source (ATP) when they are oxidized during mitochondrial reactions of respiration according to the general reaction: [...]
The following points highlight the three important notions of thermodynamics. The notions are: 1. Free Energy Change 2. Application to Chemical Reactions 3. Application to Reactions in Living Organisms. Notion # 1. Free Energy Change: If we consider a system consisting of two compounds A and B which react to give C: A + B → C By reacting, the [...]
In this article we will discuss about the role of protons in the synthesis of ATP in energy transducing membranes, explained with the help of a suitable diagram. It is known that electron carrier chains are implanted in specialized membranes. Whenever an energy recovery and a synthesis of ATP are coupled with the reoxidation of a chain of e- carriers, [...]